1- 3 Microalgae are considered as enriched resources of vital compounds such as proteins, antioxidants, unsaturated lipids, and vitamins. In recent years, much attention has been paid to microalgae in terms of their applications in food, cosmetics, biofuel, and pharmaceutics industries. Accordingly, microalgae could be considered as a cost-effective and more powerful platform for the production of a wide range of recombinant proteins such as antibodies, enzymes, hormones, and vaccines. The ELISA data confirmed that the produced hIL-2 possesses the same conformation pattern with the acceptable biological activity found naturally in humans.Ĭonclusion: Most therapeutic proteins need post-translational modifications for their correct conformation, biological function, and half-life. According to the densimetric analysis, the microalgae can accumulate the produced protein about 0.94% of the total soluble protein content. Molecular and proteomic analyses revealed the stable and robust production of the hIL-2 by the GAME plasmid in the microalgae. Results: The obtained data confirmed that the GAME plasmid can transform the microalgae with high transformation frequency. The GAME plasmid harbors a native chimeric hsp70/Int-1/rbcS2 promoter, the microalgae specific Kozak sequence, a novel hybrid 2A peptide, and Int-1 and Int-3 of the rbcS2 gene in its expression cassette. Methods: Here, we designed a novel "Gained Agrobacterium -2A plasmid for microalgae expression" (named GAME plasmid) for the production of the human interleukin-2 using three model microalgae, including Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris, and Dunaliella salina. However, low and unstable gene expression levels prevent the further development of microalgae biotechnology towards protein production. Introduction: Attributable to some critical features especially the similarity of the protein synthesis machinery between humans and microalgae, these microorganisms can be utilized for the expression of many recombinant proteins.
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